[ad_1]
Never before has collaboration between scientists progressed without barriers and at a rapid pace. But it’s the internal repercussions that commanding leaders seek
by Nicola Barone
Never before has collaboration between scientists progressed without barriers and at a rapid pace. But it’s the internal repercussions that commanding leaders seek
4 ‘reading
The race to snatch the coronavirus nightmare from humanity has the symbolic force of a moon landing, it is no coincidence that the name recalls that season Sputnik V given by the Russians to their claimed vaccine (with all its limitations) as the first time. Even if scientists like never in the past seem to cooperate across latitudes in a single laboratory of planetary dimensions, at the level of individual states, priority is given to the effects of the epidemic on domestic public opinion with consequent geopolitical implications. .
US warns distribution network
The basis of any scenario is, of course, the development of a “safe and effective” device. However, whatever the anticipated times, a crucial factor is its availability on a large scale, a terrain on which the United States moves immediately. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention has notified health authorities in the US states and the five major US cities that they are preparing to distribute the coronavirus vaccine to Health workers and there higher risk groups of the end of october he beginnings of November. Opening many doubts about the opportune moment with the presidential elections just around the corner and a death toll that will fatally weigh on the election of the White House. Solving the problems that could have caused slowdowns was another of the Trump administration’s goals. Under Operation Warp Speed, the financial risk of bankruptcy for the candidate vaccines that are part of the project will be borne by the taxpayers and not the pharmaceutical companies.
Prospects for Success
Of the continuous surveys carried out by the WHO and the London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, the candidate vaccines are in total 236: 19 based on DNA, 30 on RNA, 49 on viral vector, 18 on attenuated or inactivated virus, 73 on proteins, 13 on virus-like particles (Vlc), and 4 using other platforms or for which we do not have details. “There are currently five Covid-19 vaccines in phase 3 of the clinical trial, of which three have been tested in the United States (Moderna, Pfizer and AstraZeneca) and one in Europe (AstraZeneca). am all very promising vaccines, which conferred excellent protection in the animal model and induced the production of neutralizing antibodies in phase 1 and 2 studies ”, writes the virologist. Guido Silvestri from Emory University. “The expected time was for phase 3 to be exhausted between the end of 2020 and the beginning of 2021, with the beginning of the distribution between the risk groups between the first / second quarter of 2021 and the massive use in the spring / summer of 2021 But now with this announcement from the CDC, which is not a hoax at all, it seems that times have shortened a lot, with possible start of use in risk subjects (the elderly, health workers, subjects with chronic cardiovascular diseases and respiratory diseases, etc.) between the end of October and the beginning of November ”.
The sprint of Russia and China
After Sputnik V in Russia, produced by the Gamaleya Institute and which will be followed by a second as announced Vladimir Putin, China also registered its first vaccine against the Covid-19 pandemic. Prepared by CanSino Biologics with the Beijing Institute of Biotechnology, the preparation is called Ad5-nCoV and is based on the SARS-CoV-2 genetic material carried by another virus that has been rendered harmless. Both vaccine candidates are on the WHO list of people to undergo human testing. Of the various ongoing trials, the CanSino vaccine is the first to reach the milestone: the times have been truly record-breaking, considering that the results of the first of the three trial phases had been published at the end of May and that the third and final phase usually has to be done on a large number of people to get answers about effectiveness.
How countries are classified
Overall, China confirmed its excellent position in a race that is constantly accelerating and puts the United States in first place. According to data updated at the end of August, only one vaccine is in clinical trials, Japan, South Korea and Australia. Three Europe, two of them linked to Italy: they are the preparation of the Italian biotechnology company ReiThera de Castel Romano with the German Leukocare and the Belgian Univercells, and that of the University of Oxford with AstraZeneca, whose doses are produced in Italy from Irbm de Pomezia. Finally, there are two vaccines developed in India that are in clinical trials.
