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The second wave of the Coronavirus has arrived, as in the rest of Europe, also in Italy. And it showed, as seven months ago, all the criticisms of the state and regional organization to respond to the crisis. As happened in the first phase of the pandemic, the Regions have moved autonomously to introduce containment measures, without waiting for a central coordination that is slow and cumbersome to maintain the political balance. Vincenzo De Luca, one of the governors most active in communication, announced the introduction of a blockade on October 23.
The nerves of the Campania population were not maintained: the protest groups were born on social networks and met in different areas of the region. In Naples, the demonstrations against the closures hypothesized by De Luca are degenerating into riots and attacks against law enforcement officers and journalists. An avalanche of people set garbage bins on fire, smashed cars and threw objects at terrified officers and passersby. Roberto Saviano, journalist and writer who knows Neapolitan society well, unlike many commentators and politicians, excludes the leadership of the Camorra behind the Neapolitan guerrilla of October 23.
Is the violent protest that yesterday involved Campania just the daughter of frustration, anger or is there something else?
“I don’t think there is a criminal organization, the fascist militants or the ultras behind the protest. In reality, they are dregs that have clung to despair. The situation is dramatic and explodes in Naples because the most fragile part of the country is in the south. The few savings that we had ran out and the balance did not hold.
These feelings, attributable to hatred of society, arise in criminal behavior, giving rise to criminal organizations or, rather, are they exploited by the Camorra a posteriori?
«They are feelings exploited by the Camorra. We take into account that it is common for offenders to exploit situations of this type. It’s the same dynamic of ultra-conflicts: go beat the police, crush everything, disguise yourself as a fan and do it. However, it is essential to remember that criminal organizations gain a lot from confinement.
Can we therefore exclude that in yesterday’s protest there were infiltrations by organized crime?
“It can be said that there was a presence of criminals: in a territory like Naples, when there are protests, it is almost normal for this to happen. Criminal organizations do not act in a monolithic manner to address an issue. Like the more complex organizations, Camorra players benefit from the blockade: they make loans, buy businesses and restaurants that are going bankrupt. By the way, during the shutdown, marijuana prices don’t skyrocket as you might imagine, but there are still perks. They are already saying “as the closure closes the shopping centers, they rebel”. It’s actually too fast a read, shortsighted even. Of course, there is a part of organized crime, the most fragile, that is linked to these episodes, out of anger more than anything else. Returning to the question, however, the answer is: we have evidence of the presence of criminals, but not of infiltration of organized crime.
To what extent can ineffective management of an emergency situation, in this case of health, become a terrain for the proliferation of organized crime?
“The Italian institutions have been completely incapable of stopping the criminal conquest. So yes, they are proliferating, and how. After all, De Luca turns out to be the benevolent father who slaps you to discipline you and thereby save your life. In fact, it is responsible for the Campania health disaster. Attention, he is not solely responsible, but he is co-responsible for the health of Campania, which is terrible: all based on the heroic behavior of individuals and De Luca knows this very well. In recent years, it has cut and devastated: health has worsened.
Do the images of journalists attacked, police officers beaten, humiliated symbols of the State weaken the reasons for discontent or serve the narrative of the crime to justify the devastation?
“Yesterday’s violence is the typical ultra-style violence: breaking everything, attacking everyone without distinction. It stinks, like when a blister breaks and pus comes out. This behavior is always wrong and unjustifiable. ‘
However, how do Neapolitan and Campanian civil society live these moments?
There is a piece of the left that will read it from the point of view of “animals, fascists, violent, ultra”. There is a part of the right that will make a solidarity drive. However, by observing only the surface part, we run the risk of missing what is most important to understand. Net of the violence that, of course, must be stigmatized and the solidarity that must be provided to people who have beaten the attempt to contain or tell what happened, the logical reasons that lead to this revolt must be addressed. But only a few are doing it. “
Is there a political responsibility for what happened?
“A huge responsibility: integration funds are lacking, there are no plans for the South where most people work illegally, the ability to diagnose with swabs and tracing has been lost. There are people who cannot leave home because they do not get the second swab … Endless files. Unanswered calls. The disaster is total: there was organizational incapacity. Conte, in his last speech, simply listed the good things he did. What are we talking about? The management has been bad and the situation is dramatic. The individual heroism of doctors and nurses cannot be used to synthesize one’s own political activity. No, the political activity was a disaster, especially an economic disaster.
What to expect in the next few days and is there any way to prevent this violence from flowing back into the streets of Naples?
“We must expect what is always expected when these things happen in Italy and, in particular, in Naples. Naples has this destiny: anticipating logic, trends, anticipating everything that happens in Italy and, it must be said, also in Europe. On a cultural level, on a political level, many things that happened in Naples also anticipated political movements and political trends in the Arab capitals. Beyond this, Naples remains a laboratory. So today it happens in Naples, tomorrow it will happen in the rest of Italy and Europe. Can anything be done? Perhaps. Certainly nothing can be done anymore: it is too late. ‘
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