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Residents are decreasing and foreigners are increasing, the average age continues to increase. the Istat Census With the final data, it returns us this first image of our country where half of the population has not gone beyond the education of middle School, but there are more busy and less inactive. At the end of 2019 – the document reads – the citizens surveyed amounted to 59,641,488, about 175 thousand people less than on December 31, 2018, which is equivalent to -0.3%. A substantially stable figure compared to 2011 (year of the last traditional census), when there were 59,433,744 inhabitants (+ 0.3%, for a total of +207,744 people). Compared to 2011, residents decrease bySouthern Italy and in Islands (-1.9% and -2.3%), and an increase inCentral italy (+ 2%) and in both divisions of north. The census also shows a true flight from the South with more than 400 thousand inhabitants less than in 2011.
The median age of Italians increased by two years in 2019 compared to 2011 (43 to 45 years) and grew the old age index, or the relationship between over 65 and under 15 up to 180%. “The number of elderly persons per child goes from less than one in 1951 to five in 2019 (it was 3.8 in 2011) and the old-age index (given by the relationship between the population aged 65 and over and that of less than 15 years) has increased significantly, from 33.5% in 1951 to almost 180% in 2019 (148.7% in 2001) “. The youngest municipality is Orta di Atella, in the province of Caserta, with an average age of 35.3 years; the eldest is Fascia, in the province of Genoa, where the average age exceeds 66 years. There Campania, at 42, is the region with the youngest population, followed by Trentino Alto Adige (43 years), Sicily me Calabria (both 44 years old). There Liguria the region with the highest average age (49 years) is confirmed. Also in 1951 Campania and Liguria were the youngest and oldest regions, but, for both, the average age was 13-14 years younger than that recorded in 2019.
In Italy the total population decreases but the foreign population increases, which in 2019 exceeded the five million (5,039,637) thanks to an increase of 43,480 units compared to 2018. Between 2001 and 2019, foreigners increased by 3.7 million units. However, the growth of foreigners could not compensate for the decrease in the total population resident in Italy (-175,185 units) which, in fact, equates to a demographic decline of almost 220,000 indigenous inhabitants. In 2019, the weight of the foreign component with respect to the total population was 8.4 individuals per 100 registered.
The census shows that in Italy 50.1% of people have a high school diploma at most, while graduates and people who have obtained a level I or II diploma of higher artistic training in music and dance represent the 13.9% 1 of the population aged 9 and over. 35.6% of residents have a high school diploma or professional qualification; 29.5% the middle school license and 16% the elementary school license. The remaining part of the population is distributed between illiterate and literate without qualifications (4.6%) and doctors, who have the highest internationally recognized educational level (232,833, equivalent to 0.4% of the population aged 9 and over). Compared to 2011, we read, there is less, both in absolute terms and in percentage terms, the number of people who have not successfully completed a course of study (from 6% to 4.6%) and those who have a maximum license of primary school (from 20.7% to 16%) and secondary school (from 30.7% to 29.5%). In 2019, the number of people with higher educational qualifications increased compared to eight years earlier. Notably, there are nearly 36 high school graduates (31 in 2011) and 14 graduates (11 in 2011) for every 100 percent of people age 9 and older. while the doctors went from 164,621 to 232,833, with an increase of more than 40%.
However, the workforce is growing while inactive people are decreasing. Among the resident population aged 15 and over, the active population rose to 52.5%, from 50.8% in the 2011 census, while the inactive population decreased (47.5% from 49.2%). Employment increased to 45.6% from 45% in 2011 (23,662,471 from 23,017,840). The highest percentages of employees are those of Trentino-Alto Adige (55.6%) and Emilia-Romagna, Veneto and Lombardy, with values between 51.7% and 51%. The lowest levels are recorded mainly in the south, especially in Campania (37.3%), Calabria (36.5%) and Sicily (34.9%). Although slightly, according to Istat, the proportion of employed women increases. If in 2011 the female component represented 41.8% of the employed, in 2019 it amounted to 42.4%. The greater participation of women in the labor market is confirmed by the variation between 2011 and 2019, which was + 1.7% for men (+233,895 units) and + 4.3% for women (+ 410.736). The gender imbalance remains – underlines the Institute of Statistics – and is also confirmed by the levels of employment rates (37.4% compared to 54.4% for men), unemployment (15.1% compared to 11, 6%) and inactivity (56.0% vs. 38.5%).
In 2019 the decrease of residents in the South and in the Islands is confirmed: during the year the population decreased globally 127,487 units compared to 2018 compared to an overall decrease of 175,185 people across Italy. Compared to 2011 against an overall increase in the Italian population of 207,744 units, in the south and on the islands there was a reduction of 425,517 residents.
Compared to 2011, we read, residents decrease in southern Italy and the islands (-1.9% and -2.3%), and increase in central Italy (+ 2%) and in both northern areas (+ 1.6% in Northeast Italy and + 1.4% in Northwest Italy). More than 50% of residents are concentrated in five regions, one for each geographic area: Lombardy (16.8%), Veneto (8.2%), Lazio (9.7%), Campania (9.6%) e Sicily (8.2%). If we look at the regions with 323,451 residents bought in Lombardy, 252,814 in Lazio and 121,984 in Emilia-Romagna, the Puglia lost about 100,000 inhabitants (99,261), Sicily 127,614 and Campania 54,667. The Calabria lost 64,940 inhabitants to 1,894,110.
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