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One of the most dangerous attempts to attack democracy in Italy takes place in night between December 7 and 8, 1970, during which the Borghese Strike from the name of its creator June Valerio Borghese former commander, during the civil war, of one of the most violent and bloodthirsty corps of the fascist front: the Tenth More.
In 1968 Borghese had founded the National Front that fits into the far-right space with New order, National vanguard ed European civilization, all the groups that, to different degrees, collaborate in the coup.
Since the summer of 1969, Borghese works actively to create links with officers in the Armed Forces and with a part of the business world in the north.
Compared to other feared coups, this attempted subversion is the only one to enter the implementation phase mobilizing large numbers of people: at least 300 men Act in Rome, but the implementation plans refer to the Milanese workers area of Sesto San Giovanni, Venice, Verona, Reggio Calabria and the Sicily.
The shocking action of the conspirators occurs with the penetration into a nerve center of the Republic – the Ministry of the Interior – in which, in the afternoon, some coup plotters dressed in workers. At 10:30 p.m. on December 7, some fifty people from the National Vanguard arrived in front of the ministry, entered the armory and took out the approximately two hundred machine guns that are kept there. The operation is favored by some emissaries within the ministry, among others Salvatore drago that he is a man of the national vanguard, but at the same time is linked to civil secret service, is an intermediary for the mafia – who along with some Calabrian ‘ndrine joined the coup – and a Freemason from the secret lodge P2, equally active in the subversive project. The multiple memberships of Salvatore Drago are the mirror of the joint in which this attempt moves.
Coinciding with the entrance to the Ministry of the Interior, 197 men of the Forest Guard head towards the Rai headquarters where Borghese will have to read the announcement of the coup to the nation. Other conspirators guard the houses of the main leftists and the chief of police Angelo vicari – that the mafia should have killed – while for the President of the Republic Giuseppe Saragat arrest is expected.
In his show, Borghese meditates on abolish parties and unions establishment of a parliament based on corporations. However, the United States does not support the coup.
The euphoria of the conspirators for the occupation of the Viminale is countered by anger, thirty minutes after midnight on December 8, when Borghese requires cease operations telling his men that he has obeyed a higher order. He is not in charge of the conspiracy. Among his entourage he yells at treason. In a letter from 1974 attributable to Borghese (although with some residual doubt as to its authenticity), the counter-order to the operation is said to have been given by Gilberto Bernabei, Secretary of Giulio Andreotti and that the same Christian Democrat exponent was appointed by the United States as president of the new coup junta. Among the conspirators are men close to Andreotti, such as Fabio De Felice (another link between extreme right, services and P2) and Filippo De JorioThe latter will be the lawyer for the subversives but will later be sent to trial for considering him involved in the operation.
So what was the Borghese coup? An attempt that never existed, as defined by the Rome Court of Appeal in 1984What liquidates the coup in a “council of four or five and sixty years” and even acquits the confessed guilty? However, the investigations affected 144 people with 78 defendants in the trial of first instance.
So much mercy comes from the desire to step out in the shadows the upper level that moved behind the blow. Andreotti’s role? He probably worked harder to make the coup fail than to make it happen. As Minister of Defense, in 1974, the research I wanted comes to discover the participants, but Andreotti will make them public only part, covering the best known personalities who will continue to operate in the shadows for years to come. Among these the admiral Giovanni torrisi who became Chief of Defense Staff in 1980, a position he would not have held had his name been popular with conspirators.
Actually, the Borghese strike should have been an owl stroke, prompting a reaction from the military to trigger a moderate hit, which formally maintained the democratic vestiges. On that December 7, silence falls, to the point that the newspapers will report it, with several omissions, only in March 17, 1971.
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