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Forgotten party, party to restore. What better occasion than this, with 150 years since Porta Pia Gap and at a time of national reconstruction after the emergency COVID-19To say that September 20 should be reintroduced into the festivals of the secular calendar of our country? It would take a commitment of the political forces in a bipartisan way, also in view of the 150 of the law that establishes Rome, the capital of Italy (February 3, 1871), to return from what a great statesman did, and a brave defender of the secular state, Francesco Crispi.
Porta Pia, celebrations in a minor key. Historians: “The program could have been more daring”
Porta Pia, Giacomo Pagliari’s grandson: “Then my ancestor fell on the last mission”
It was he, in 1895, who wanted September 20 as a national holiday. But with the twentieth century, between political expediency, historical oblivion, ambiguity and appeasement in the relationship of the State with the Church, that festival was suppressed in 1930 that would have today or today more than ever a strategic importance in 1930 with the Lateran Pacts and relegated to oblivion throughout the republican era. It has never been restored although, in recent years, several bills have been presented to include it once again in the category of civil ceremonies.
The fact is that Italy, on a political and governmental level, but also on a cultural and public consciousness level, which is very serious and denotes subordination to the clerical power, has never given due importance to this day. She never celebrated it properly. He saw September 20 not a pivotal page and a foundational fact in national and European history, but almost a fact to be ashamed of. Thus revealing an incorrect relationship, from the beginning, with Rome, correctly defined, sadly! – “sick capital”.
In the underestimation of September 20 there is a kind of unacknowledged subordination that always creeps into clericalism, there is no full claim to secular pride, that inspiration cannot be found for the only city capable of representing Italy (the others live only in municipal memories) and even less that feeling of full recognition and deep identification that, for example, France has towards Paris.
SUPPORT FOR
This kind of “endurance” of Rome has cut the wings of the force of the State, damaging the destinies of the country. From this underestimation of Rome, which began immediately, are derived the fortunes of all the pseudo-federalist political speculations, of the nonsense of the secessionist North, of the Bush and North ligament, of the autonomist design – now it is called – which winks through the decades. a left that is quite certain and that can only be resolved, if not stopped, in an anti-historical Spacca-Italia. In other words, in a surrender in international competition and in a denial of the idea of development thus summarized by Mazzini in his forecast: “Italy will be what the South will be.”
In short, September 20 is a party badly lived. And that is affected by ambiguities that come from afar. It is not normal that Vittorio Emanuele II, the king of the epic of the Risorgimento that had its apogee in the Breach, for a long time did not want to go to Rome after having annexed it – the plebiscite of 1871 ended with this result: 40,875 yes to annexation and 46 did not, or 0.1 percent, and having to move to the Quirinal caused him some discomfort. In fact, he found every excuse to postpone his arrival in the city.
As we read in the book by Vittorio Vidotto (recently published by Laterza, the title is “September 20, 1870”), La Marmora in a letter to the head of government Lanza of November 2 even suggested that, at least until death under Pius IX, the government remained in Florence. And that Rome was considered the capital in name only. Just “honorary,” suggested Lombard Senator Stefano Jacini. And it was not until December 31, 101 days after the breach that the sovereign broke the delay and headed for the city.
The occasion was a flood of the Tiber that submerged the center of the city, transforming it into a great lake. Vittorio Emanuele spent a little over twelve hours in Rome to express his solidarity with the citizens of which, in a few weeks, would be consecrated as the capital of the Kingdom. Then it will be necessary to wait until July 2, 1871 for the king to settle permanently in the Quirinal. During all this time, from that day until the date of his death on February 2, 1878, Pius IX – whom the Osservatore Romano defined as the “august prisoner of the Vatican” – delivered 556 speeches, all centered on a “trial of the Risorgimento “.
THE POST OF THE PROBLEM
In short, the subsequent advance was already problematic for Rome from the beginning. In any case, the tenth anniversary of Porta Pia will be celebrated in 1880 with great emphasis by the head of government Benedetto Cairoli, a former Garibaldiano. The fortieth anniversary, in 1910, will be celebrated by the famous anticlerical mayor Ernesto Nathan in open controversy with the new Pope Pius X. Then, both before and after the 140 years of the Gap – September 20, 2010, in which, together with President Napolitano and Mayor Alemanno in The celebrations will be attended by Cardinal Bertone on behalf of Benedict XVI; the anniversary was truly honored only by small minorities. The radicals and little else. The parties, the Christian Democrat and the Communist and their heirs, avoided this party with guilty shame. Celebrating a day, as Crispi said in 1895, in which “the last vestige of political feudalism was abolished and the people were given full freedom of conscience.”
Today that celebration must be re-established to fix once and for all two points that should be natural and that unfortunately do not seem fully acquired: the absolute secularism of the State with respect to any clerical interference and the role of Rome as the real engine of Italian reconstruction. .
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