An Indian-American scientist has discovered possible strategies to prevent fatal inflammation, lung damage and organ failure in patients diagnosed with Covid-19.
The drug, published in the journal Sen., comes from the lab of Dr. Thirumala-Devi Kanneganti, an Indian-origin researcher at St. Jude’s Children’s Research Hospital in Tennessee, who was diagnosed with a hyperinflammatory immune response associated with covid. 19 Inflammation leads to tissue damage and multi-organ failure in rats by triggering the death pathway of cells.
The researchers detailed how the inflammatory cell death signaling pathway worked, which could potentially disrupt the healing process.
It is important to understand the ways and mechanisms that accelerate this inflammation in order to develop effective treatment strategies, said Cognanti, vice chair of the St. Jude Department of Immunology.
Kanneganti was born and raised in Telangana. She received her undergraduate degree at Kakatiya University in Wargal, where she studied chemistry, zoology and botany. She then completed her M.Sc. And a Ph.D. from Osmania University, India. He joined St. Jude in 2007 in Memphis, Tennessee, USA.
“This research provides that insight. We have also identified specific cytokines that activate the inflammatory cell death pathway and have significant potential for the treatment of other highly malignant diseases, including covid-19 and sepsis. “
Other researchers were Shraddha Tuladhar, Parimal Sameer, Min Zheng, Balamrugan Sundaram, Balaji Banoth, R.K. Subbarao Malireddy, Patrick Screener, Geoffrey Nelle, Peter Vogel and Richard Webby, St. Jude; And Evan Peter Williams, Lillian Zaldundo and Colin Beth Johnson of the University of Tennessee Center for Health Sciences.
Covid-19 is caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus. The infection has infected more than 1.2 million people in less than a year and left millions sick.
The infection is characterized by an increase in blood levels of multiple cytokines. These small proteins are secreted primarily by immune cells to ensure a rapid response to the virus. Some cytokines also stimulate inflammation.
The cytokine in hurricane is used to describe dramatically elevated cytokine levels in the blood and other immune changes that are inflammatory, such as sepsis and hemophagocytic lymphocytocytosis (HLH), St. Jude said in a statement.
But the specific pathways that trigger the cytokine storm and subsequent inflammation, lung damage and organ failure and other disorders in Covid-19 were unclear.
There was also a lack of cellular and molecular mechanisms that broadly define cytokine turbulence. Cunningham’s team focused on a selection set of the most elevated cytokines in Covid-19 patients. Scientists have shown that not a single cytokine-induced cell death in congenital immune cells.
“These findings link the death of TNF-alpha and IFN-gamma-induced inflammatory cells with Covid-19,” Kanneganti said.
“The results also suggest that therapies that target this cytokine compound are candidates for rapid clinical trials for the treatment of not only Covid-19, but also many other malignant disorders associated with cytokine hurricanes.”
“We are excited to combine these points to understand what TNF-alpha and IFN-gamma trigger penoptosis are,” said Rajendra Karki, scientific co-author of Kaneganti Laboratory.
“Indeed, understanding how penoptosis contributes to disease and mortality is critical to the identification of therapies,” added Bhesh Raj Sharma, a scientist at Kaneganti Laboratory.
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