Example of a galaxy known as CQ4479. The center of the galaxy consumes highly active black hole material so fast that it spins into the center of the black hole and creates a bright quasar. Quasars create intense energy rays that are believed to prevent the birth of all stars and deal a fatal blow to the evolution of the galaxy. But Sophia discovers that the Galaxy CQ4479 is surviving these demonic forces, trapping enough cold gas to show up around the edge of the brown, showing about 100 sun-sized stars a year in blue. This discovery has led scientists to reconsider their theory of the evolution of galaxies. Credit: NASA / Daniel Rutter
The Hungryst of black holes is believed to be tearing down the surrounding material that has ended the life of their host galaxy. The fisting process is so intense that it creates a very object called quasar, one of the brightest objects in the universe – sucked into the spinning matter. Black holeThere is a stomach. Now, researchers have discovered a galaxy that is surviving the uncanny power of black holes by continuing to produce new stars – about 100 sun-sized stars a year.
Search from NASAThe airplane’s telescope, the Stratospheric Observatory for Infrared Astronomy, can help explain how giant galaxies came to be, however, the universe today forms a constellation of galaxies. The results are published Astrophysical Journal.
“This shows us that the development of an active black hole does not immediately stop the star’s birth, which goes against all current scientific predictions,” said Alison Kirkpatrick, an assistant professor and co-author of the study at the University of Kansas. . “It causes us to rethink our theories on how galaxies evolve.”
Sophia is covered with snow with the doors of a telescope open during her flight over the Sierra Nevada mountains. Sofia is a modified aircraft of the Boeing 747 SP. Credit: NASA / Jim Ross
Sophia, NASA and the German Aerospace Center, D.L.R. In the joint project of, CCQ 4479 studied a very distant galaxy located more than 5.25 billion light years away. At its core is a special type of quasar that was recently called “cold quasar” by Kirkpatrick. In this type of quasar, the active black hole is still eating up material from its host galaxy, but the quasar’s intense energy radiation has not broken down all the cold gases, so stars can form and the galaxy stays alive. This is the first time that researchers have taken a detailed look at a cold quasar to measure the growth of black holes, the star birth rate and how much cold gas is left to fuel the galaxy.
Kevin Cook, a postdoctoral researcher at the University of Kansas in Lawrence, Kansas, and lead author of the study, said: “If this subsequent growth continues both the black hole and the stars around it, the galaxy will triple in mass before it reaches the end of its life.”
High-Resolution Airborne Wideb Camera Nd Camera was installed at the Stratospheric Observatory in 2016 for Infrared Camera, Infrared Astronomy, Sofia, named Mera-Plus (HWC +). The formation of stars and planets. The HAWC + includes a polemeter, a device that measures the alignment of incoming light waves. From the polar meter, HAWC + can map magnetic fields in the constellation-forming regions in the center of the galaxy and in the atmosphere around supermassive black holes. These new maps can reveal how the strength and direction of magnetic fields affect the rate at which interstellar clouds form new stars. The tool was developed at NASA’s Jet Propulsion Laboratory by a team led by C. Darren Dowell and participants from more than a dozen organizations. Credit: NASA
It is very difficult to observe one of the brightest and farthest objects in the universe, as a quars or “radio source of half-stars”, because they often externalize everything around them. When that particularly active black hole consumes a huge amount of material from the galaxy around it, it creates a strong force of gravity. As more and more material spins faster and faster towards the center of the black hole, the material heats up and becomes brighter glowing. Quasar generates so much energy that it often blows out everything around it, blinding its efforts to observe the host galaxy. Current theories predict that these stars heat up or expel the cold gas needed to make the stars, stop the star birth and deal a fatal blow to the evolution of the galaxy. But Sophia said there is a comparatively short period when the star birth of the galaxy could continue while the Black Hole festival continues to power the powerful powers of Quasar.
Instead of directly observing newborn stars, Sophia used her 9-foot telescope to detect infrared light emitted from the dust heated by the star formation process. Using data collected by Sofia’s high-resolution Airborne Wideband camera Camera-Mera or HAWC + instrument, scientists have been able to estimate the amount of star formation over the last 100 million years.
“Sophia lets us look into this short window of time where two processes can co-exist,” Cook said. “This is the only telescope capable of studying the birth of stars in the galaxy without being affected by intense bright quasars.”
The combined black hole and the short window of star growth represent the early stages of a galaxy’s death, in which the galaxy has not yet clung to the destructive effects of Quasar. Continuous research with Sofia is necessary to learn if many other galaxies go through the same phase with a combined black hole and star growth before finally reaching the end of life. Future observations with the James Webb Web Space Telescope, starting in 2021, could reveal how the quarks affect the overall shape of their host galaxy.
References: “Death of Light, Stephanie Lamsa, TK Daisy Leung, Jonathan R. Trump, Tracy Jane Turner and C. Megan Orie, November 6, 2020, Astrophysical Journal.
DOI: 10.3847 / 1538-4357 / ABB 94A
Sofia is a joint project of NASA and the German Aerospace Center. Sophia manages program, science, and mission operations in collaboration with NASA’s AIIMS Research Center in Silicon Valley, California, the Universities Space Research Association, headquartered in Maryland, and the German Sophia Institute at the University of Stuttgart. The aircraft is operated and operated by NASA’s Armstrong Flight Research Center Building 703 in Palmdale, California. The HWC + Instrument was developed and delivered to NASA by a multi-agency team led by NASA’s Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL).
