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Covid-19 symptoms are similar in children and adults. But in children confirmed with the virus, the World Health Organization has detailed, mild symptoms have generally been shown. Those have been the guidelines outlined from the beginning regarding with how the coronavirus appears in that group.
Studies to date show that the pediatric population appears to be affected to a much lesser extent than adults, with only the 2% of the cases described in patients under 20 years of age.
An epidemiological report described 731 confirmed cases of Covid-19 in the pediatric population, and detected that more than 90% of patients are characterized as asymptomatic, mild or moderate cases.
However, in the findings on Covid-19 there is a certainty, all the mechanisms how it affects the organism are not yet known. To the usual symptoms like fever, runny nose and cough, along with vomiting and diarrhea, Today a new multisystemic inflammatory disease has been detected in children.
Last weekend, the UK Pediatric Intensive Care Society (PICS) reported on its Twitter account an “urgent alert” from the National Health Service (NHS), from that country, warning health professionals about an increase in the number of cases of critically ill children presenting a strange clinical picture.
Many of these children tested positive for Covid-19, while some did not, but had responses from s in common.toxic shock syndrome and atypical Kawasaki disease with blood parameters consistent with severe Covid-19 in children. They presented abdominal pain and gastrointestinal symptoms, along with heart inflammation.
The ad cautions that even though severe illness as a result of Covid-19 still appears to be a very rare event in children, yes these cases should be considered.
Other reports warning that Covid-19 cases are filed as Kawasaki had already been known. In early April, a report described the case of a 6-month-old baby admitted and diagnosed with classic Kawasaki disease, who also tested positive for Covid-19 with fever and minimal respiratory symptoms. That was First described case of Kawasaki with concurrent Covid-19 infection.
Russell Viner, president of the Royal College of Paediatrics and Child Health reported that the cases had characteristics of toxic shock syndrome or Kawasaki disease, a rare disorder of the blood vessels. Only a few of the children tested positive for Covid-19, so scientists aren’t sure if these rare symptoms are caused by the new coronavirus or something else. Health officials estimate that there have been 10-20 such cases in Britain, and NHS England said it is urgently investigating the reports.
In Spain, the Pediatric Association issued a similar warning, telling doctors that in recent weeks, there were a number of children suffering from “An unusual image of abdominal pain, accompanied by gastrointestinal symptoms” They could lead to shock within hours, low blood pressure, and heart problems. “It is a priority to recognize these (symptoms) to urgently refer these patients to a hospital,” said the pediatric association.
In Italy, Angelo Ravelli of the Gaslini Hospital and a member of the Italian Society of Pediatricians, sent a note to 10,000 colleagues with the same alerts, since with his team they detected an unusual increase in the number of patients with Kawasaki disease, noting that some children had Covid-19 or had contacts with confirmed virus cases.
Kawasaki is an acute vasculitis of childhood and the leading cause of acquired heart disease in children in developed countries. 50% of cases occur in children under 2 years of age, and 80% in children under 5 years of age. The The cause of remains unknown, despite several decades of research.
Some evidence suggests an infectious trigger, with winter-spring seasonality of the disease. In Japan, previous studies had described an association between viral respiratory virus and Kawasaki infections, indicating that since the 9% to 42% of patients with this disease test positive for respiratory viral infection in the 30 days prior to Kawasaki’s diagnosis.
A 2015 study indicates that 5% of cases studied with Kawasaki were attributed to coronavirus strains (strains 229E, HKU1, NL63, OC43).
Juan Pablo Torres, pediatric infectologist at the Department of Pediatrics and Children’s Surgery Oriente of the Faculty of Medicine of the University of Chile, stresses that basically the symptoms occurred in children have been mild with very few hospitalizations and with hospitalizations in exceptional intensive cases, “and this is what has been seen in Chile, which goes in the logic of what he has said and said so far“
However, says Torres, some scientific societies in the United Kingdom and in Europe have made that warning, “2n where they say that you have to be vigilant, that they have seen a potential number of cases that resemble a Kawasaki disease and that could have shock.”
The Kawasaki disease is a syndrome that causes vasculitis and can inflame different organs. On the skin, it produces a rash (reddish skin rash, more or less extensive), it produces conjunctivitis in the eyes, it produces lymphadenopathy in the nodes, it produces fissures in the mouth, and it can also inflame the heart tissue, the coronary Torres explains.
What is described is not a causality, he highlights, but an observation. There has been no rigorous study, but only an observation to be cautious that this could be happening. “But beyond this warning, fortunately so far there is no evidence that this is so, In our country, there have been no such alerts at this time, which does not mean that we should not be vigilant because it could happen. It is the first step to say that there could be something here, “says Torres.
Regarding the knowledge about coronaviruses, everything is complementing and increasing very quickly. “There are several news regarding role of children in transmission and also in the forms of clinical presentationAnd we have to be aware that they could eventually be different, as this alert indicates, but that for now it is nothing more than that, an alert to be aware if there could be an association with that. “
At this time, Torres stresses, it is necessary to be rigorous with the analysis of scientific information, due to the amount of studies and data that come out day by day. But many times unlike the usual information, this scientific information has not even reached peer review, or undergone a more exhaustive scientific review. “It is not necessary to draw conclusions in a very hasty way, but follow the rules of regular scientific analysis so as not to fall into errors, but to take advantage of that information and do things better ”, he maintains.
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